Abstract: Based on a self-developed shield rock-breaking simulation device, rotary cutting and rock-breaking tests of disc cutters were carried out. Compared with conventional linear cutting tests, this method more realistically reproduces the actual motion pattern and loading state of disc cutters. By combining laboratory tests with the discrete element method (DEM), a numerical model for disc cutter circular cutting was established to systematically investigate the force characteristics, wear mechanisms, and specific energy variations of normally worn and eccentrically worn disc cutters during the rock-breaking process. The results show that: (1) the fluctuation ranges of vertical force and torque of disc cutters obtained from the numerical simulations are generally consistent with those measured in laboratory tests, verifying the capability of the numerical model to represent the dynamic mechanical behavior of disc cutters in rock cutting in laboratory tests ; (2) eccentric wear of disc cutters leads to a 29.9% reduction invertical force and a 48.6% increase in tangential force; (3) engineering case data analysis indicates that when a large number of disc cutters undergo uniform wear, the shield thrust increases while the torque remains essentially stable.In contrast, when eccentric wear becomes prevalent, both shield thrust and torque increase, which is consistent with the numerical simulation results.