Abstract：
Abstract Tunnels are different underground structures in various geological conditions with high risks and complexities due to uncertainty. Since current design theory is premature, the engineering analog and empirical design principle is widely used with emphasis on dynamic design and observational construction. In reality, however, the design and construction are undertaken separately by different departments and it is difficult for them to be very well integrated, which often results in accidents or unreasonable expenditure. To promote the integration of design and construction from a management perspective, a systematic mechanism of dynamic design and observational construction is proposed, forming an overall assessment mechanism for project investment efficiency and profits.
2013, Vol. 50 