Abstract: To systematically review the research status of tunnel face stability under complex geological conditions, this paper screened 124 highly relevant articles using keywords such as “tunnel face stability,” “influencing factors,” and “support measures.” Visual analysis was conducted with the assistance of VOS viewer software to summarize research hotspots and methods in the field of tunnel face stability analysis over the past 15 years. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) The type of rock and soil mass mainly affects the failure state of the tunnel face during instability. Studying the stability of the tunnel face in different rock and soil masses essentially involves investigating its failure mechanisms. (2) Special geological conditions generally weaken the stability of the tunnel face. By quantifying their influence and incorporating the results into the corresponding failure mechanisms of the rock and soil mass, precise analysis of tunnel face stability can be achieved. (3) Regarding control measures for tunnel face instability, existing research focuses on their mechanisms and applicability evaluation. Finally, the paper prospects future research on tunnel face stability, proposing that quantitative analysis of multi-factor coupling effects under complex geological conditions, the combined action of multiple instability control measures, and computerization of the analysis process are key directions for subsequent research.