冷水混入模式对藏南隧道高温热害预测的影响

Effect of Cold Water Mixing Modes on Prediction of High Geo-temperature Induced Heat Hazards in Tunnelling in South Tibet

  • 摘要: 拉月隧道为川藏铁路高温热害易发路段,针对与其紧密相关的长青温泉、排龙温泉与拉月温泉进行水化学与同位素分析,得出上述温泉具有不同成因,且均有冷水混入,其中拉月温泉冷水混入比高达91%。考虑冷水混入对隧道高温热害预测的影响,提出了两种温泉冷水混入模式,其中热水与浅层冷水混合模式下,冷热水混合带一般接近或高于温泉点高程,在低于温泉点高程位置修建隧道遇到高温热害风险较大;热水与承压冷水混合模式下,冷热水混合带一般为承压冷水含水层位置,低于温泉点高程,在高于温泉点高程位置修建隧道遇到高温热害风险较小。依据地形地貌、地质构造与温泉、钻孔等地质信息,推断研究区温泉为热水与浅层冷水混合模式,基于上述观点对川藏铁路拉月隧道高温热害提出预测,划定了6段高温热害危险区,其中①~④段热害温度可能较高,⑥段需开展进一步研究以确定其热害程度。

     

    Abstract: Layue tunnel is located on Sichuan-Tibet railway, it is prone to high geo-temperature induced heat haz? ards. So, hydrochemical and isotopic analysis is carried out for Changqing, Pailong and Layue hot springs, which are closely related to the tunnel. It is found that the above hot springs are formed by different causes and all mixed with cold water. Among the others, the mixing ratio of cold water in Layue hot spring is as high as 91%. Considering the effect of cold water mixing on the prediction of high geo-temperature induced heat hazards in the tunnel, two mixing modes of cold water in hot-spring are put forward. In the mixing mode of shallow cold water with hot water, the mixing zone of cold and hot water is generally close to or higher than the elevation of the hot spring point. So, the heat hazard risk induced by high geo-temperature would be greater when a tunnel is built below the elevation of the hot spring point. In the mixing mode of hot water and confined cold water, the mixing zone of cold and hot water is generally located in the confined cold water aquifer, lower than the elevation of the hot spring point. The heat hazard risk induced by high geo-temperature would be smaller when a tunnel is built above the elevation of the hot spring point.According to the landform, geological structure, hot springs, boreholes and other geological information, it is inferred that the hot springs in the studied area are the mixing mode of hot water and shallow cold water. Based on the above viewpoint, the high geo-temperature induced heat hazards are predicted for the Layue tunnel and it is determined that there are 6 sections with high geo-temperature induced heat hazard risks. Among them, the section ① ~ ④might have higher heat hazards, and section ⑥ should be further researched to determine the degree of the heat hazard.

     

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