Abstract: As a new construction method of metro stations, the Pile-Beam-Arch method (PBA) has been success? fully applied in the practical engineering, but there is a lack of comprehensive researches on the surface settlement and structural stress of metro stations caused by PBA method construction. Taking a metro station constructed by Pile-Beam-Arch (PBA) method as the engineering background, this paper analyzes the surface settlement and the structural stress of the metro station in different construction stages of PBA top-down construction method, by means of the combination of numerical simulation with on-site monitoring. The research results show that the excavation of the pilot tunnel and the construction of the supporting arch have great disturbance to the ground, it is necessary to pre-reinforce the ground (such as advance pipe-roof + grouting), so as to strictly control the total amount of ground settlement. The time-history curve of the axial force of retaining piles can be divided into three stages: rapid growth stage, slow growth stage, and stable stage. The variation laws of measured and the calculated settlements are basically consistent, and both the measured and calculated maximum surface settlement occur above the central axis of the station, which is in line with the Peck settlement trough theory.