Abstract: In order to solve the problems of frequently occurred geological hazards, difficulty in rescue and posthazard repair in tunnel engineering, the resilience theory is introduced into the safety system of the tunnel engineering system, and a DEMATEL-BN based tunnel engineering system resilience evaluation model is proposed. Twentytwo influence factors are initially identified from five aspects: human, machine, material, method and environment.Influence factors with low correlation are eliminated through DEMATEL and a Bayesian network topology diagram is constructed; the system resilience value is calculated by forward reasoning in combination with the Bayesian networks and the GeNIe software; key influence chains and sensitive factors are identified by reverse reasoning and sensitivity analysis; finally, an empirical study is conducted using the Bingcaowan Tunnel as an example. The results show that the Bingcaowan Tunnel has a medium to high level of resilience, with a key influence chain of "emergency rescue drills → emergency decision-making and response → recovery ability", and sensitive factors of "complex geological conditions, safe and civilized construction, emergency decision-making and response". Finally, phased improvement suggestions are proposed based on analysis.