Abstract: To investigate the damage effects of high-pressure gas pipeline leakage and explosion on the roof struc? ture of underlying subway stations under different pressure conditions, this study employs the TNT equivalent method to determine the gas cloud explosion load following pipeline leakage. A full-scale numerical simulation model of subway station roof is established using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, comprehensively analyzing the damage characteristics from four aspects: structural damage, failure modes, Von-Mises stress, and dynamic response. A dimensional analysis-based functional relationship expression is proposed between roof damage effects and pipeline pressure. Key findings include: (1) The subway station roof primarily exhibits spalling failure, with damage zone width proportional to pipeline pressure; (2) Local tearing failures frequently occur at beam-slab joints, generating two through cracks along beam direction; (3) Von-Mises stress concentrates at damage zone edges with values inversely proportional to pipeline pressure, showing equal peak stress but different distribution patterns on the blast-facing side and the back-blast side; (4) Nodal displacement and velocity responses in the Z-direction are proportional to pipeline pressure, while the acceleration response patterns in the Z-direction on the blast-facing side and the back-blast side exhibit opposite trends.