Abstract: The segment joints of shield tunnels represent critical weak points in the overall tunnel structure, with the failure of connecting bolts directly compromising the service performance. To investigate the influence of circumferential bolt failure of shield tunnel segments on the transverse seismic behavior of the sgment structure, this study establishes three-dimensional finite element models of both single- and double-lining configurations for a large crosssection shield tunnel project, employing implicit dynamic time-history analysis for seismic performance evaluation. Results demonstrate that circumferential bolt failure leads to increased transverse deformation and peak damage levels. While the application of a secondary lining enhances transverse deformation resistance and reduces peak damage, it concurrently expands the damage distribution zone. Under bolt failure conditions, the secondary lining improves the mechanical performance utilization of the segment reinforcement cages. For tunnel sections with potential bolt failure risks, the implementation of secondary linings is recommended to enhance seismic resilience.