小规模下伏薄煤层采空区倾角对隧道开挖稳定性的影响研究

Influence of Small-Scale Underlying Mined-out Areas with Different Dip Angles in Thin Seam on Tunnel Excavation Stability

  • 摘要: 公路隧道近接下伏采空区施工必定会打破采空区的原始平衡状态, 出现应力重分布现象。为研究不同倾角下伏采空区对隧道施工稳定性的影响规律, 文章采用有限元软件构建采空区地层隧道计算模型并进行了数值计算, 研究了下伏采空区倾角对隧道洞周位移、 初期支护内力和塑性区的影响规律。计算结果表明: ①下伏采空区的存在加大了隧道洞周位移, 倾角越小, 增幅越大;②下伏采空区的存在增强了初期支护内力分布离散性, 尤其是对拱顶内力影响幅度较大, 主要体现在隧道拱顶轴力降低, 倾角越小, 降低值越大;③下伏采空区的存在增大了围岩塑性区, 甚至贯穿到采空区冒落带, 倾角越大, 塑性区越小。因此, 下伏采空区倾角越小, 隧道施工风险越高, 围岩稳定性越差, 结构受力越不利, 应采取有效措施提高下伏采空区的处治强度。

     

    Abstract: The original equilibrium state of underlying mined-out area is surely to be broken by the approaching construction of highway tunnels, and it will cause stress redistribution. In order to study the influence law of underlying mined-out areas with different dip angles on tunnel construction stability, it used finite element software to build a calculation model of tunnel in mined-out layer, carried out a numerical simulation, studied the influence law of underlying mined-out area with different dip angles on displacements around tunnel periphery, inner force of primary support and the plastic zone. The calculations indicate that the displacement around tunnel periphery increases with the decrease of dip angles of underlying mined-out areas; the distribution discreteness of inner force of primary support increases due to the mined-out area, the axial force of crown is largely influenced by this and characterized by the decreasing of axial force which has a verse relationship with the dip angle; the plastic zone of surrounding rock enlarges, even penetrates through the caving zone of mined-out area and has a verse relationship with the dip angle. Thus the smaller the angle of underlying mined-out area, the higher the construction risk, the worse the stability of surrounding rock and the more unfavorable regarding force applied on structure, which makes it necessary to take effective measures to improve the treatment for underlying mined-out areas.

     

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