Abstract: Since freezing damage occasionally occurs in cold region tunnels, it is very important to study the temperature field distribution and effects of surrounding rock properties. Based on a highway tunnel in Liaoning province, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to study the temperature field of cold region tunnels under the effects of thermal-fluid-solid coupling, the temperature field distribution along the longitudinal profile and cross section of tunnels was obtained and the influence of the initial ground temperature and thermal conductivity coefficient of surrounding rock on the temperature field in cold region tunnels was studied. Findings indicate that the higher the initial ground temperature, the smaller the thermal conductivity coefficient, and that it is better to solve the freezing problems in cold region tunnels under the influence of a negative temperature airflow. This paper provides reference and guidance for anti-freezing design in similar tunnels.