Abstract: The main problems and challenges of TBM construction for an inclined shaft of a coal mine were analyzed, and the adaptability of various kinds of TBMs were compared. Ultimately, a dual-mode TBM was suggested for the long distance inclined shaft of a coal mine shaft with a large gradient in a water-rich stratum. Considering the specific characteristics of a long distance, a large gradient, a great overburden, presence of toxic gas, and a complex stratum with abundant water and strict construction progress, the main function, selection and configuration of the dual-mode TBM are studied, and the suggested design scheme and equipment configuration are presented.