浅埋偏压隧道地表沉降规律及其预测方法

On Law of Ground Settlements and Its Prediction Method for the Shallowburied Tunnel under Asymmetrical Pressures

  • 摘要: 隧道地表沉降是围岩稳定性判断的重要依据,也是隧道施工监控量测的重要环节。浅埋偏压隧道地表沉降规律相对于非偏压隧道更为复杂,也更容易诱发安全事故,因此有必要进行深入研究。首先,文章基于最大主应力偏转理论,对偏压隧道偏压程度进行量化分析,提出了隧道偏压系数的概念及其计算方法。其次,建立等效分析计算模型,将浅埋偏压隧道地表沉降视为偏压地形和偏压荷载共同作用的叠加,并给出了分析计算方法和步骤。最后,通过现场实测资料进一步对浅埋偏压隧道地表沉降规律进行分析,并对预测结果进行验证。结果表明:偏压系数与地表偏压角、隧道埋深和地层侧压力系数有关;地表沉降曲线在偏压作用下会发生扭曲,最大沉降区域和影响范围都向深埋侧偏移;当偏压程度较大时,偏压作用易导致深埋侧地表出现开裂,浅埋侧地表出现错台。

     

    Abstract: Surface settlement is an important basis for judging stability of tunnel surrounding rock, and also the key item in tunnel construction monitoring and measurement. The surface settlement law of shallow-buried tunnels under asymmetrical pressures is more complicated and more likely to induce safety accidents compared to the symmetrical loading tunnels, and so it is necessary to conduct in-depth study. Based on the maximum principal stress deflection theory, firstly a quantitative analysis on the asymmetrical loading degree of a tunnel was carried out, the concept and calculation method of tunnel unsymmetrical pressure coefficient were proposed; secondly an equivalent calculation model was established, and the surface settlement of a shallow-buried tunnel under asymmetrical pressure was regarded as superposition of asymmetrical loading terrain and pressure, a calculation method and procedures were given; finally the surface settlement law of shallow-buried tunnels under asymmetrical pressure was further analyzed by field measurement data, and the prediction results were verified. The results show the unsymmetrical pressure coefficient is related to surface bias angle, tunnel overburden and lateral pressure coefficient; surface settlement curve will be twisted under effect of asymmetrical pressure, the maximum settlement area and influence range will be shifted towards the deep-buried side; if asymmetrical pressure is large, it′s easy to cause cracking of surface at deep buried side and staggering at the shallow-buried side.

     

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