Design and evaluation of traffic induction facilities for ramp-tunnel connecting sections based on visual perception

Ramp-tunnel connecting sections as critical traffic nodes in the urban road network, undertake the convergence and passage of a large number of vehicles with particularly prominent safety risks, adopting reasonable induction measures is of great significance to improving the driving safety of such sections.In this study, six implementation schemes with different induction measures were constructed, and each scheme was comprehensively evaluated by combining visual test indexes and the TOPSIS method (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results show that when drivers are driving on the main line and the diversion area, Scheme 5 (with all induction measures adopted) enables drivers to achieve the highest gaze interest in the central viewing area compared with other schemes; when driving in the tunnel section, the proportion of interest area distribution of drivers under Scheme 3 (without tunnel side wall optimization) and the original scheme is almost the same, indicating that drivers' gaze interest in the tunnel section is mainly related to side wall conditions. Comprehensively considering the improvement benefits of various induction measures, Scheme 5 (with all induction measures adopted) is the scheme with the optimal design effect for ramp-tunnel connecting sections.