Abstract: Deformation and failure often occur in the tunnel at a landslide area. The self-anchored reinforcement structure was adopted to reinforce the tunnel located at the upper surface of deep and thick landslide mass. Study and analysis were conducted regarding the effect of self-anchored reinforcement structure based on theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. The theoretical calculation results show that the distribution of internal force is more uniform and reasonable and deformation is effectively restrained after taking the new type reinforcement structure, verifying the effect of self-anchored reinforcement structure. The numerical calculation results show that the distribution of internal force is more reasonable, the maximum principal stress decreases significantly, the area of stress concentration eliminates and deformation is effectively restrained after taking the new type reinforcement structure; effective scope of this reinforced structure is only at tunnel surrounding rock and the lower rock soil, landslide may finally cause overtopping failure, varying the concept that the self-anchored reinforcement structure is only to reinforce tunnel instead of landslide control.